Where Is My Furnace Filter and Which Way Does the Arrow Point?

Your furnace filter is most commonly located in one of three places: behind a large return air vent on your wall, ceiling, or floor; inside the blower compartment of your furnace (accessible through a metal door or panel); or in a filter rack between the return duct and your air handler. The arrow on your filter should always point toward the furnace or blower motor, following the airflow direction. Air flows from your home through the return vent, then through the filter, and into the furnace for heating or cooling.

TLDR

• Check behind large return vents (wall, ceiling, or floor) or inside the furnace blower compartment

• The arrow on your filter should always point toward the furnace/blower motor

• Air flows from your home → through filter → into furnace (arrow follows this path)

• If you have multiple return vents, you may have multiple filters to replace

• Mark the correct direction on your furnace with a permanent marker for future reference

If you're a new homeowner or have just moved into a new place, finding your furnace filter can feel like a treasure hunt. And once you find it, there's that confusing arrow on the frame. Which way is it supposed to point?

These are two of the most common questions homeowners have about HVAC maintenance, and getting them right matters. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, a dirty or improperly installed filter can increase your system's energy use by 5 to 15 percent. A clogged filter also reduces indoor air quality and puts strain on your equipment.

This guide will help you locate your filter in any type of HVAC system and show you exactly how to install it correctly. Whether you have a furnace in the basement, an air handler in the attic, or filters behind wall vents, we've got you covered.

Filter Location and Arrow Direction

Where is my furnace filter? Your filter is in one of these locations:

1. Behind a large return air vent (wall, ceiling, or floor)

2. Inside the furnace blower compartment (behind a removable panel)

3. In a filter rack or cabinet near the air handler

Which way does the arrow point? The arrow should always point toward the furnace or blower motor, in the direction that air flows through your system.

Simple rule: Air flows from your home → through the filter → into the furnace. The arrow follows this path.

Where to Find Your Furnace Filter: Location Guide

The location of your furnace filter depends on your HVAC system type and how it was installed. Here are the most common places to look.

Location 1: Behind the Return Air Vent

This is one of the most common filter locations, especially in newer homes and apartments. The return air vent is the large grille that pulls air from your home back into the HVAC system.

How to identify return vents:

• They're typically larger than supply vents (which blow air out)

• You'll feel air being pulled in when the system is running

• Often located in hallways, near staircases, or in central areas

• May be on walls, ceilings, or floors depending on your home's design

To access the filter:

1. Look for latches, clips, or screws on the vent grille

2. Open or remove the grille (some have hinged doors)

3. Slide the filter out from behind the grille

Note: Some homes have multiple return vents. If so, each one may have its own filter that needs regular replacement.

Location 2: Inside the Furnace Blower Compartment

If your filter isn't behind a return vent, it's likely inside the furnace itself. The blower compartment houses the fan that circulates air through your home.

How to find the blower compartment:

• Locate your furnace (usually in the basement, utility closet, or garage)

• Look for a removable metal door or panel on the front or side of the unit

• The filter slot is typically near the bottom of upflow furnaces or the top of downflow furnaces

Common furnace locations in homes:

• Basement (most common in northern climates)

• Utility closet

• Garage

• Attic (common in warmer climates)

• Crawl space

Location 3: Air Handler or Filter Cabinet

In homes with central air conditioning or heat pumps, the filter may be located in or near the air handler unit rather than the furnace.

Where to look:

• Check between the return air duct and the air handler

• Look for a slot with a removable cover, typically about 1 inch wide

• Some systems have a dedicated filter cabinet installed between the ductwork and the unit

The EPA recommends checking your filter monthly and replacing it at least every 90 days, regardless of where it's located.

Filter Location by Furnace Type

Different furnace configurations have filters in different positions:

Which Way Does the Arrow Point? The Complete Guide

Every furnace filter has an arrow printed on its frame indicating the correct airflow direction. Getting this right is essential for proper filtration and system efficiency.

The Simple Rule

The arrow should always point toward the furnace or blower motor.

Think of it this way: air travels from your home, through the return duct, through the filter, and into the furnace. The arrow follows this path, showing the direction air moves through the filter.

Why the Arrow Matters

Filters are designed with one side more porous than the other. The porous side faces the incoming air to capture particles efficiently. According to ASHRAE (the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers), proper filter installation is essential for maintaining both air quality and system performance.

If the filter is installed backward:

• Airflow becomes restricted

• The filter can't capture particles effectively

• Your HVAC system works harder, using more energy

• Equipment lifespan may be shortened

• Indoor air quality suffers

Arrow Direction by Filter Location

Filter in a wall or ceiling return vent:

• The arrow should point toward the wall or ceiling (into the ductwork)

• Air flows from the room, through the grille, through the filter, and into the duct

Filter inside the furnace blower compartment:

• The arrow should point toward the blower motor

• Air flows from the return duct, through the filter, and into the blower

Filter in a floor return vent:

• The arrow should point downward (toward the duct below)

Filter in a horizontal unit:

• The arrow should point horizontally toward the blower motor

Pro Tip: Mark It Permanently

Here's a helpful trick from HVAC professionals: use a permanent marker to draw an arrow on your furnace or duct near the filter slot. This way, you'll always know which direction to install new filters, even months from now when you've forgotten.

Step-by-Step: How to Find and Replace Your Filter

Follow these steps to locate your filter and replace it correctly.

Step 1: Turn Off Your HVAC System

Always turn off your heating or cooling system before replacing the filter. This prevents unfiltered air from being pulled into the system while the filter is out.

How to turn it off:

• Set your thermostat to "Off"

• Or flip the power switch on or near the furnace

• Or turn off the breaker for your HVAC system

Step 2: Check Common Filter Locations

Start with the most likely spots:

1. Return air vents: Look for large grilles on walls, ceilings, or floors

2. Furnace unit: Check for a removable door or panel

3. Air handler: Look for a slot near where the return duct connects

If you still can't find the filter, check your HVAC system's owner's manual or search for your model number online.

Step 3: Remove the Old Filter

Once you locate the filter:

• Open the access panel, grille, or door

• Slide the old filter out carefully (to avoid releasing trapped dust)

• Note the size printed on the filter frame (e.g., 20x25x1)

• Observe which way the arrow is pointing before removing it

Step 4: Check the Arrow Direction

Before discarding the old filter, note which way the arrow points. Your new filter should be installed the same way.

If there's no old filter to reference:

• Look at the filter media (the pleated part should face you when looking from the return side)

• The side with wire mesh or reinforcement should face the furnace

Step 5: Install the New Filter

Slide the new filter into place with the arrow pointing toward the furnace or blower motor. The filter should fit snugly but not be forced. If it doesn't fit:

• Double-check the size

• Make sure you're not trying to install a 4-inch filter in a 1-inch slot

Step 6: Close Up and Restart

Replace any panels, doors, or grilles you removed. Turn your HVAC system back on and listen for normal operation.

Common Filter Location Scenarios

"I live in an apartment."

Apartment filters are typically located in one of these places:

• Behind a return vent grille (often in a hallway or living area)

• In a small utility closet containing the air handler

• Behind a panel in a closet that also houses the water heater

The filter slot is usually within easy reach and doesn't require tools to access.

"I have a newer home with multiple return vents."

If your home has return vents in several rooms, there may be filters behind each one. Check all return grilles to see which ones contain filters. In this setup, you'll need to replace multiple filters during each maintenance cycle.

"My furnace is in the attic."

Attic furnaces are common in warmer climates. You'll typically find the filter in one of these spots:

• In a rack on the side of the horizontal unit

• At the point where the return duct connects to the air handler

• Behind a return vent grille somewhere in the home

"I can't find any filter at all."

Some older systems or unusual configurations may not have easily accessible filters. If you've checked all common locations and still can't find a filter:

• Consult your HVAC system's owner's manual

• Contact the previous homeowner or property manager

• Call a local HVAC professional for help

The Sustainability Angle: Making Better Filter Choices

Every filter change is an opportunity to make an environmentally conscious choice. Traditional filters made from synthetic materials end up in landfills, where they persist for decades.

Why Filter Material Matters

Most conventional filters use petroleum-based synthetic fibers, and when you replace them every 60 to 90 days, that adds up to significant waste over time.

A More Sustainable Option

Aerterra filters offer an eco-friendly alternative:

• Renewable materials: Made from USA-grown corn rather than petroleum products

• American manufacturing: Produced domestically, supporting local agriculture and reducing transportation emissions

• Nanofiber technology: Advanced filtration that captures particles effectively

• Reforestation support: Every purchase supports tree planting through the One Tree Planted partnership

When you find your furnace filter and realize it needs replacing, choosing sustainable options helps reduce your environmental footprint while maintaining clean indoor air.

Aerterra Product Spotlight: Find Your Size

Now that you know where your filter is and which way it goes, finding the right replacement is easy. Aerterra offers filters in the most common residential sizes:

Popular Sizes:

• 16x20x1

• 16x25x1

• 20x20x1

• 20x25x1

• 20x25x4 (for media cabinets)

MERV Ratings Available:

• MERV 8: Good for general dust and pollen

• MERV 11: Better for pet dander and finer particles

• MERV 13: Best for allergens, smoke, and smaller particles

All Aerterra filters ship free and are available through a convenient subscription service that delivers fresh filters on your schedule.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

"The filter is too tight or too loose."

Make sure you have the exact size that matches your old filter. Filter sizes are printed on the frame (e.g., 20x25x1). If the fit seems wrong, double-check:

• Length and width dimensions

• Filter thickness (1-inch vs. 4-inch)

"I don't see an arrow on my filte.r"

Some basic filters don't have directional arrows. In this case:

• Look for one side that has wire mesh or metal reinforcement (this side faces the furnace)

• The pleated, more porous side should face the incoming air

• Install it the same way the old filter was oriented

"My filter gets dirty very quickly."

If your filter appears heavily soiled within a few weeks, consider:

• Whether you have pets, smokers, or dusty conditions

• If there might be gaps in your ductwork allowing extra dust in

• Whether you need to check the filter more frequently

• If an upgrade to a higher MERV rating might help

The National Air Duct Cleaners Association (NADCA) recommends having your ducts inspected if you notice excessive dust or debris.

"Air seems restricted after installing a new filter."

This could indicate:

• The filter is installed backward (check the arrow)

• The MERV rating may be too high for your system

• The filter size is wrong

Try reinstalling the filter with the arrow pointing toward the furnace. If problems persist, try a filter with a lower MERV rating.

FAQs

Where is the furnace filter located in my house?

Your furnace filter is most commonly behind a return air vent (a large grille on your wall, ceiling, or floor) or inside the furnace blower compartment (accessible through a removable panel). In homes with air handlers, check for a filter slot near where the return duct meets the unit. Some homes have filters in multiple locations.

Which way should the arrow on my furnace filter point?

The arrow should always point toward the furnace or blower motor, in the direction that air flows through your HVAC system. Air moves from your home, through the return duct, through the filter, and into the furnace. The arrow follows this airflow path. If the filter is in a wall vent, the arrow points toward the wall.

What happens if I install my furnace filter backward?

Installing a filter backward restricts airflow because the filter media is designed to work in one direction. This forces your HVAC system to work harder, increases energy consumption, reduces filtration effectiveness, and can potentially damage equipment over time. If you realize the filter is backward, simply remove it and reinstall it correctly.

How do I know if my home has multiple filters?

Homes with multiple return vents often have multiple filters. Check each large grille in your home, as some may have filters behind them while others don't. Additionally, some systems have both a return vent filter and a separate filter at the furnace. Inspect all possible locations during your maintenance routine.

Can I run my HVAC system without a filter while I find a replacement?

No. Running your system without a filter allows dust and debris to enter the equipment, potentially damaging the blower motor and coating internal components. If you need a new filter, turn off your system until you can install a replacement. Keep spare filters on hand to avoid this situation.

What size filter do I need if I can't read the old one?

Measure the filter slot opening with a tape measure. Measure the length, width, and depth, then round up to the nearest inch. This gives you the nominal filter size (e.g., 20x25x1). You can also check your HVAC system's owner's manual for the recommended filter size.

How often should I check and replace my furnace filter?

The EPA recommends checking your filter monthly and replacing it every 60 to 90 days. However, homes with pets, allergies, smokers, or dusty conditions may need more frequent changes, sometimes every 30 days. Thicker 4-inch filters typically last longer, up to 6 to 12 months.

Why is my furnace filter in a different location than my neighbor's?

Filter placement varies based on HVAC system type, installation preferences, and home design. Horizontal units, upflow furnaces, and downflow furnaces each have different filter configurations. Additionally, some installers place filters at the air handler while others use return vent filters. Both approaches are valid when done correctly.

Additional Resources

For more information on HVAC maintenance and indoor air quality:

• EPA: Guide to Air Cleaners in the Home

• U.S. Department of Energy: Home Heating Systems

• ENERGY STAR: Heating and Cooling Maintenance

• ASHRAE: Filtration and Disinfection FAQ

• American Lung Association: Indoor Air Quality

• NADCA: National Air Duct Cleaners Association

• ACCA: Air Conditioning Contractors of America

• Building America Solution Center: HVAC Filters

Conclusion: You Found It, Now Keep It Fresh

Finding your furnace filter is the first step toward better indoor air quality and a more efficient HVAC system. Remember:

1. Check behind return vents first, then the furnace blower compartment

2. The arrow always points toward the furnace/blower motor

3. Replace your filter every 60 to 90 days (or more often with pets/allergies)

4. Mark the correct direction on your furnace for easy reference

Now that you know where your filter is and how to install it correctly, keeping up with regular maintenance is simple.

Ready to replace your filter?

• Shop Aerterra filters by size

• Choose your MERV rating

• Set up automatic delivery so you never forget

• Learn about our sustainability commitment

• Discover our One Tree Planted partnership

• Read more HVAC tips on our blog

Disclaimer

This article is for informational purposes only and provides general guidance about furnace filter locations and installation. HVAC systems vary significantly by manufacturer, model, and installation configuration. For specific questions about your system, unusual filter locations, or if you're unsure about any aspect of your HVAC maintenance, please consult with a licensed HVAC professional. Improper filter installation or using an incorrect filter size can affect system performance and efficiency. Individual results may vary based on system type, home configuration, and environmental factors.